蘇人

薩摩亞(Samoa)

正式名稱薩摩亞獨立國(Independent State of Samoa)

舊稱西薩摩亞(Western Samoa)

位於太平洋中南部、紐西蘭東北方的一個獨立國家。面積2,831平方公里。人口約179,000(2001)。首都︰阿皮亞(位於烏波盧島)。人民主要為玻里尼西亞人,與東加人及紐西蘭的毛利人種族接近。語言:薩摩亞語與英語(官方語)。宗教:基督教。貨幣:塔拉(WS$)。薩摩亞為薩摩亞群島的一部分,包括烏波盧島以及薩瓦伊兩個主要島嶼,此兩島皆為火山,有七座小島,其中只有阿波利馬島和馬諾諾島有人定居。屬開發中經濟,以農業為主,其他還有些輕工業、漁業、伐木業和旅遊業。政府形式是君主立憲政體,一院制。國家元首是該國的元首,政府首腦為總理。

玻里尼西亞人在18世紀歐洲人來到之前已在這群島上居住了數千年。該群島一直為美國、英國以及德國所爭奪的,直到1899年,為美國和德國所瓜分。1914年西薩摩亞為紐西蘭所佔領,1920年成為國際聯盟託管地。第二次世界大戰後,薩摩亞成為由紐西蘭管理的聯合國託管地區,1962年完成獨立。1997年西薩摩亞易名為薩摩亞。

English version:

Samoa

formerlyWestern SamoaIndependent state,southern central Pacific Ocean,northeast of New Zealand. Area: 1,093 sq mi (2,831 sq km). Population (1997 est.): 169,000. Capital: Apia (on Upolu Island). The people are mainly Polynesian,closely akin to Tongans and to New Zealand's Maoris. Languages: Samoan and English (both official). Religion: Christianity. Currency: tala. Samoa is part of the Samoan archipelago and consists of two major islands,Upolu and Savai'i,both of which are volcanic. There are also seven small islands,two of which,Apolima and Manono,are inhabited. It has a developing economy based mainly on agriculture,with some light manufacturing,fishing,lumbering,and tourism. It is a constitutional monarchy with one legislative house; the chief of state is the head of state,and the head of government is the prime minister. Polynesians inhabited the islands for thousands of years before they were visited by Europeans in the 18th century. The islands were contested by the U.S.,Britain,and Germany until 1899,when they were divided between the U.S. and Germany. In 1914,Western Samoa was occupied by New Zealand,which received it as a League of Nations mandate in 1920. After World War II,it became a U.N. trust territory administered by New Zealand and achieved independence in 1962. In 1997,the word Western was dropped from the country's name.

參考文章

齒鳩的外形特徵、地理分佈、分類地位、保育狀況、薩摩亞國鳥鳥類薩摩亞鳴鵑鵙的名稱類別、地理分佈鳥類