長恨歌·白居易作者簡介及英漢對照

長恨歌·白居易作者簡介及英漢對照

　　引導語：《長恨歌》是中國唐朝詩人白居易的一首長篇敘事詩;詩人借歷史人物和傳說，創造了一個迴旋宛轉的動人故事，並透過塑造的藝術形象，再現了現實生活的真實，感染了千百年來的讀者，下面是一些關於《長恨歌》的知識，歡迎大家閱讀!

　　長恨歌·白居易作者簡介及英漢對照

　　將進酒

　　朝代：唐代

　　作者：李白

　　原文：

　　君不見，黃河之水天上來，奔流到海不復回。

　　君不見，高堂明鏡悲白髮，朝如青絲暮成雪。

　　人生得意須盡歡，莫使金樽空對月。

　　天生我材必有用，千金散盡還復來。

　　烹羊宰牛且為樂，會須一飲三百杯。

　　岑夫子，丹丘生，將進酒，杯莫停。

　　與君歌一曲，請君為我傾耳聽。(傾耳聽 一作：側耳聽)

　　鐘鼓饌玉不足貴，但願長醉不復醒。(不足貴 一作：何足貴;不復醒 一作：不願醒/不用醒)

　　古來聖賢皆寂寞，惟有飲者留其名。(古來 一作：自古;惟 通：唯)

　　陳王昔時宴平樂，斗酒十千恣歡謔。

　　主人何為言少錢，徑須沽取對君酌。

　　五花馬，千金裘，呼兒將出換美酒，與爾同銷萬古愁。

　　【作者介紹】

　　白居易(772--846)，字樂天，號香山居士。自號“酔吟先生”。祖籍太原[今屬山西]。到了其曾祖父時，又遷居下邽(音guī)(今陝西渭南北)。白居易的祖父白湟曾任鞏縣[河南鞏義]縣令，與當時的新鄭[屬河南]縣令是好友。見新鄭山川秀美，民風淳樸，白湟十分喜愛，就舉家遷移到新鄭城西的東郭宅村(今東郭寺)。

　　唐代宗大曆七年(公元772年2月28日)正月二十日，白居易在東郭宅降生了。小時候聰穎過人，5/6歲即學作詩，9歲便懂音韻。由於“家貧多故”，11/12歲便顛沛流離，接觸了人民的苦難生活。後到長安應試，以《賦得古原草送別》得顧況賞識。落第後回家伏案苦讀，竟至口舌生瘡，手肘結繭。27歲中進士，因取中“拔萃”，授秘書省校書郎。唐憲宗元和年間，曾任翰林學士、左拾遺及左贊善大夫(東宮屬官，掌諷諫太子過失)。元和十年貶江州司馬，後移忠州刺史。唐穆宗時，由中書舍人出任杭州刺史、蘇州刺史。晚年以太子賓客及太子少傅分司東都。出任武宗會昌六年(846年)八月卒於洛陽[屬河南]，享年75歲。著有《白氏長慶集》七十一卷。以44歲為界，之前抱定“兼濟天下”之思，之後則“獨善其身”。

　　晚年官至太子少傅，諡號“文”，世稱白傅、白文公。人稱“詩魔”，和好友元稹在文學上積極倡導新樂府運動，主張“文章合為時而著，歌詩合為事而作”，強調繼承《詩經》的優良傳統和杜甫的創作精神，反對六朝以來的“嘲風雪，弄花草”的作品，寫下了不少感嘆時世、反映人民疾苦的詩篇，即所謂“諷喻詩”(《新樂府》50首《秦中吟》10首)，其中有反應人民疾苦的《觀刈麥》《繚綾》等，有諷刺橫徵暴斂的《重賦》《杜陵叟》等，有指責貪官強暴的《宿紫閣山北》《賣炭翁》等，有揭露豪門貴族荒淫驕橫的《輕肥》《買花》等，有表現對邊事和邊民關心的《西涼使》《縛戎人》等，有反對窮兵黷武的《新豐折臂翁》，有同情婦女悲慘命運的《上揚白髮人》《井底引銀瓶》《陵園妾》等。是我國文學史上相當重要的詩人,當時對外國也有一定影響. 。其藝術成就最高的是長篇敘事抒情詩。更多唐詩欣賞敬請關注“習古堂國學網”的.唐詩三百首欄目()

　　白居易的通俗好懂，傳說“白傅作詩，老婦皆懂”。

　　當顧況看到遞來的詩稿《賦得古原草送別》署名白居易時，說：“長安米貴，‘白居’不‘易’啊!”當看到“野火燒不盡，春風吹又生”時，馬上讚歎：“有這樣的詩才，實在難得，就是走遍天下‘白居’也‘易’啊!”

　　主要作品

　　《長恨歌》《琵琶行》《賦得古原草送別》《錢塘湖春行》《暮江吟》《憶江南》《大林寺桃花》《同李十一醉憶元九》《直中書省》《長相思》《題岳陽樓》《觀刈麥》《宮詞》 《問劉十九》《買花》 《自河南經亂關內阻飢兄弟離散各在一處因望》

　　早年熱心濟世，強調詩歌的政治功能，併力求通俗，所作《新樂府》、《秦中吟》共六十首，確實做到了“唯歌生民病”、“句句必盡規”，與杜甫的“三吏”、“三別”同為著名的詩史。長篇敘事詩《長恨歌》、《琵琶行》則代表他藝術上的最高成就。中年在官場中受了挫折，“宦途自此心長別，世事從今口不開”，但仍寫了許多好詩，為百姓做過許多好事，杭州西湖至今留著紀念他的白堤。晚年寄情山水，也寫過一些小詞。贈劉禹錫詩云： “古歌舊曲君休聽， 聽取新詞《楊柳枝》”，可見他曾自度一些新詞。其中《花非花》一首，頗具朦朧之美。

　　文學創作

　　後代劇作家也多有據白詩故事進行再創作，如白樸、洪昇根據《長恨歌》分別作《梧桐雨》、《長生殿》;馬致遠、蔣士銓據《琵琶行》分別作《青衫淚》、《四弦秋》。白詩詞句，也多為宋、元、明話本所採用。白居易不屬韓柳文學團體，但也是新體古文的倡導者和創作者。其《策林》七十五篇，識見卓著，議論風發，詞暢意深，是追蹤賈誼《治安策》的政論文;《與元九書》洋洋灑灑，夾敘夾議，是唐代文學批評的重要文獻。《草堂記》、《冷泉亭記》、《三遊洞序》、《荔枝圖序》等文，均文筆簡潔，旨趣雋永。為唐代散文中的優秀之作。白居易還是詞創作的有力推動者，《憶江南》、《浪淘沙》、《花非花》、《長相思》諸小令，為文人詞發展開拓了道路。

　　同詩仙李白、詩聖杜甫、詩豪劉禹錫、詩鬼李賀等，白居易被稱為"詩魔"。

　　【英漢對照】

　　長恨歌

　　白居易

　　漢皇重色思傾國， 御宇多年求不得。

　　楊家有女初長成， 養在深閨人未識。

　　天生麗質難自棄， 一朝選在君王側;

　　回眸一笑百媚生， 六宮粉黛無顏色。

　　春寒賜浴華清池， 溫泉水滑洗凝脂;

　　侍兒扶起嬌無力， 始是新承恩澤時。

　　雲鬢花顏金步搖， 芙蓉帳暖度春宵;

　　春宵苦短日高起， 從此君王不早朝。

　　承歡侍宴無閒暇， 春從春遊夜專夜。

　　後宮佳麗三千人， 三千寵愛在一身。

　　金星妝成嬌侍夜， 玉樓宴罷醉和春。

　　姊妹弟兄皆列士， 可憐光彩生門戶;

　　遂令天下父母心， 不重生男重生女。

　　驪宮高處入青雲， 仙樂風飄處處聞;

　　緩歌慢舞凝絲竹， 盡日君王看不足。

　　漁陽鼙鼓動地來， 驚破霓裳羽衣曲。

　　九重城闕煙塵生， 千乘萬騎西南行。

　　翠華搖搖行復止， 西出都門百餘里。

　　六軍不發無奈何? 宛轉蛾眉馬前死。

　　花鈿委地無人收， 翠翹金雀玉搔頭。

　　君王掩面救不得， 回看血淚相和流。

　　黃埃散漫風蕭索， 雲棧縈紆登劍閣。

　　峨嵋山下少人行， 旌旗無光日色薄。

　　蜀江水碧蜀山青， 聖主朝朝暮暮情。

　　行宮見月傷心色， 夜雨聞鈴腸斷聲。

　　天旋地轉回龍馭， 到此躊躇不能去。

　　馬嵬坡下泥土中， 不見玉顏空死處。

　　君臣相顧盡沾衣， 東望都門信馬歸。

　　歸來池苑皆依舊， 太液芙蓉未央柳;

　　芙蓉如面柳如眉， 對此如何不淚垂?

　　春風桃李花開日， 秋雨梧桐葉落時。

　　西宮南內多秋草， 落葉滿階紅不掃。

　　梨園子弟白髮新， 椒房阿監青娥老。

　　夕殿螢飛思悄然， 孤燈挑盡未成眠。

　　遲遲鐘鼓初長夜， 耿耿星河欲曙天。

　　鴛鴦瓦冷霜華重， 翡翠衾寒誰與共?

　　悠悠生死別經年， 魂魄不曾來入夢。

　　臨邛道士鴻都客， 能以精誠致魂魄;

　　為感君王輾轉思， 遂教方士殷勤覓。

　　排空馭氣奔如電， 昇天入地求之遍;

　　上窮碧落下黃泉， 兩處茫茫皆不見。

　　忽聞海上有仙山， 山在虛無縹緲間;

　　樓閣玲瓏五雲起， 其中綽約多仙子。

　　中有一人字太真， 雪膚花貌參差是。

　　金闕西廂叩玉扃， 轉教小玉報雙成。

　　聞道漢家天子使， 九華帳裡夢魂驚。

　　攬衣推枕起徘徊， 珠箔銀屏迤邐開，

　　雲鬢半偏新睡覺， 花冠不整下堂來。

　　風吹仙袂飄飄舉， 猶似霓裳羽衣舞;

　　玉容寂寞淚闌干， 梨花一枝春帶雨。

　　含情凝睇謝君王， 一別音容兩渺茫。

　　昭陽殿裡恩愛絕， 蓬萊宮中日月長。

　　回頭下望人寰處， 不見長安見塵霧。

　　唯將舊物表深情， 鈿合金釵寄將去。

　　釵留一股合一扇， 釵擘黃金合分鈿;

　　但教心似金鈿堅， 天上人間會相見。

　　臨別殷勤重寄詞， 詞中有誓兩心知。

　　七月七日長生殿， 夜半無人私語時。

　　在天願作比翼鳥， 在地願為連理枝。

　　天長地久有時盡， 此恨綿綿無絕期。

　　A SONG OF UNENDING SORROW

　　Bai Juyi

　　China's Emperor, craving beauty that might shake an empire,

　　Was on the throne for many years, searching, never finding,

　　Till a little child of the Yang clan, hardly even grown,

　　Bred in an inner chamber, with no one knowing her,

　　But with graces granted by heaven and not to be concealed,

　　At last one day was chosen for the imperial household.

　　If she but turned her head and smiled, there were cast a hundred spells,

　　And the powder and paint of the Six Palaces faded into nothing.

　　...It was early spring. They bathed her in the FlowerPure Pool,

　　Which warmed and smoothed the creamy-tinted crystal of her skin,

　　And, because of her languor, a maid was lifting her

　　When first the Emperor noticed her and chose her for his bride.

　　The cloud of her hair, petal of her cheek, gold ripples of her crown when she moved,

　　Were sheltered on spring evenings by warm hibiscus curtains;

　　But nights of spring were short and the sun arose too soon,

　　And the Emperor, from that time forth, forsook his early hearings

　　And lavished all his time on her with feasts and revelry,

　　His mistress of the spring, his despot of the night.

　　There were other ladies in his court, three thousand of rare beauty,

　　But his favours to three thousand were concentered in one body.

　　By the time she was dressed in her Golden Chamber, it would be almost evening;

　　And when tables were cleared in the Tower of Jade, she would loiter, slow with wine.

　　Her sisters and her brothers all were given titles;

　　And, because she so illumined and glorified her clan,

　　She brought to every father, every mother through the empire,

　　Happiness when a girl was born rather than a boy.

　　...High rose Li Palace, entering blue clouds,

　　And far and wide the breezes carried magical notes

　　Of soft song and slow dance, of string and bamboo music.

　　The Emperor's eyes could never gaze on her enough-

　　Till war-drums, booming from Yuyang, shocked the whole earth

　　And broke the tunes of The Rainbow Skirt and the Feathered Coat.

　　The Forbidden City, the nine-tiered palace, loomed in the dust

　　From thousands of horses and chariots headed southwest.

　　The imperial flag opened the way, now moving and now pausing- -

　　But thirty miles from the capital, beyond the western gate,

　　The men of the army stopped, not one of them would stir

　　Till under their horses' hoofs they might trample those moth- eyebrows....

　　Flowery hairpins fell to the ground, no one picked them up,

　　And a green and white jade hair-tassel and a yellowgold hair- bird.

　　The Emperor could not save her, he could only cover his face.

　　And later when he turned to look, the place of blood and tears

　　Was hidden in a yellow dust blown by a cold wind.

　　... At the cleft of the Dagger-Tower Trail they crisscrossed through a cloud-line

　　Under Omei Mountain. The last few came.

　　Flags and banners lost their colour in the fading sunlight....

　　But as waters of Shu are always green and its mountains always blue,

　　So changeless was His Majesty's love and deeper than the days.

　　He stared at the desolate moon from his temporary palace.

　　He heard bell-notes in the evening rain, cutting at his breast.

　　And when heaven and earth resumed their round and the dragon car faced home,

　　The Emperor clung to the spot and would not turn away

　　From the soil along the Mawei slope, under which was buried

　　That memory, that anguish. Where was her jade-white face?

　　Ruler and lords, when eyes would meet, wept upon their coats

　　As they rode, with loose rein, slowly eastward, back to the capital.

　　...The pools, the gardens, the palace, all were just as before,

　　The Lake Taiye hibiscus, the Weiyang Palace willows;

　　But a petal was like her face and a willow-leaf her eyebrow --

　　And what could he do but cry whenever he looked at them?

　　...Peach-trees and plum-trees blossomed, in the winds of spring;

　　Lakka-foliage fell to the ground, after autumn rains;

　　The Western and Southern Palaces were littered with late grasses,

　　And the steps were mounded with red leaves that no one swept away.

　　Her Pear-Garden Players became white-haired

　　And the eunuchs thin-eyebrowed in her Court of PepperTrees;

　　Over the throne flew fire-flies, while he brooded in the twilight.

　　He would lengthen the lamp-wick to its end and still could never sleep.

　　Bell and drum would slowly toll the dragging nighthours

　　And the River of Stars grow sharp in the sky, just before dawn,

　　And the porcelain mandarin-ducks on the roof grow thick with morning frost

　　And his covers of kingfisher-blue feel lonelier and colder

　　With the distance between life and death year after year;

　　And yet no beloved spirit ever visited his dreams.

　　...At Lingqiong lived a Taoist priest who was a guest of heaven,

　　Able to summon spirits by his concentrated mind.

　　And people were so moved by the Emperor's constant brooding

　　That they besought the Taoist priest to see if he could find her.

　　He opened his way in space and clove the ether like lightning,

　　Up to heaven, under the earth, looking everywhere.

　　Above, he searched the Green Void, below, the Yellow Spring;

　　But he failed, in either place, to find the one he looked for.

　　And then he heard accounts of an enchanted isle at sea,

　　A part of the intangible and incorporeal world,

　　With pavilions and fine towers in the five-coloured air,

　　And of exquisite immortals moving to and fro,

　　And of one among them-whom they called The Ever True-

　　With a face of snow and flowers resembling hers he sought.

　　So he went to the West Hall's gate of gold and knocked at the jasper door

　　And asked a girl, called Morsel-of-Jade, to tell The Doubly- Perfect.

　　And the lady, at news of an envoy from the Emperor of China,

　　Was startled out of dreams in her nine-flowered, canopy.

　　She pushed aside her pillow, dressed, shook away sleep,

　　And opened the pearly shade and then the silver screen.

　　Her cloudy hair-dress hung on one side because of her great haste,

　　And her flower-cap was loose when she came along the terrace,

　　While a light wind filled her cloak and fluttered with her motion

　　As though she danced The Rainbow Skirt and the Feathered Coat.

　　And the tear-drops drifting down her sad white face

　　Were like a rain in spring on the blossom of the pear.

　　But love glowed deep within her eyes when she bade him thank her liege,

　　Whose form and voice had been strange to her ever since their parting --

　　Since happiness had ended at the Court of the Bright Sun,

　　And moons and dawns had become long in Fairy-Mountain Palace.

　　But when she turned her face and looked down toward the earth

　　And tried to see the capital, there were only fog and dust.

　　So she took out, with emotion, the pledges he had given

　　And, through his envoy, sent him back a shell box and gold hairpin,

　　But kept one branch of the hairpin and one side of the box,

　　Breaking the gold of the hairpin, breaking the shell of the box;

　　"Our souls belong together," she said, " like this gold and this shell --

　　Somewhere, sometime, on earth or in heaven, we shall surely

　　And she sent him, by his messenger, a sentence reminding him

　　Of vows which had been known only to their two hearts:

　　"On the seventh day of the Seventh-month, in the Palace of Long Life,

　　We told each other secretly in the quiet midnight world

　　That we wished to fly in heaven, two birds with the wings of one,

　　And to grow together on the earth, two branches of one tree."

　　Earth endures, heaven endures; some time both shall end,

　　While this unending sorrow goes on and on for ever.