英語六級閱讀理解精選模擬練習

  在英語學習過程中,閱讀理解能力是學習者發展語言能力的基礎和手段。國內的各類英語考試中幾乎都有閱讀理解題型,大學英語六級考試也不例外。大學英語六級閱讀試題是試卷中分值最重的題型,為了提高大家的閱讀水平,下面是小編為大家帶來,希望對大家的學習有所幫助!

  :視力研究

  The human criterion for perfect vision is 20/20 for reading the standard lines on a Snellen eye chart without a hitch. The score is determined by how well you read lines of letters of different sizes from 20 feet away. But being able to read the bottom line on the eye chart does not approximate perfection as far as other species are concerned. Most birds would consider us very visually handicapped. The hawk. for instance, has such sharp eyes that it can spot a dime on the sidewalk while perched on top of the Empire State Building+ It can make fine visual distinctions because it is blessed with one million cones per square millimeter in its retina***視網膜***. And in water, humans are farsighted. while the kingfisher, swooping down to spear fish. can see well in both the air and water because it is endowed with two foveae.***凹窩***-areas of the eye, consisting mostly of cones. that provide visual distinctions. One fovea permits the bird, while in the air. to scan the water below with one eye at a time. This is called monocular vision. Once it hits the water, the other fovea joins in, allowing the kingfisher to focus both eyes, like binoculars, on its prey at the same time. A frog's vision is distinguished by its ability to perceive things as a constant motion picture. Known as "bug detectors", a highly developed set of cells in a frog's eyes responds mainly to moving objects. So, it is said that a frog sitting in a field of dead bugs wouldn’t see them as food and would starve.

  The bee has a "compound" eye. which is used for navigation. It has 15,000 facets that divide what it sees into a pattern of dots. or mosaic. With this hind of vision, the bee sees the sun only as a single dot, a constant point of reference. Thus. the eye is a superb navigational instrument that constantly measures the angle of its line of flight in relation to the sun. A bee's eye also gauges flight speed. And if that is not enough to leave our 20/20 "perfect vision” paling into insignificance. the bee is capable of seeing something we can't-ultraviolet light. Thus,what humans consider to be "perfect vision” is in fact rather limited when we look at other species. However, there is still much to be said for the human eye. Of all the mammals, only humans and some primates can enjoy the pleasures of color vision.

  測試題

  1. The Snellen eye chart measures one's eyesight by__________________.

  A*** the number of lines he reads

  B*** the distance he stands away from the chart

  C*** the speed at which he recognizes the letters

  D*** several integrative factors

  2. How is hawk's eyesight better than ours?

  A*** It can identify small items more quickly than we do.

  B*** It can see ai a longer distance than we do.

  C*** It has more cones in che retina than we do.

  D*** It has bigger eyes than we do.

  3. Monocular vision enables the kingfisher to__________________.

  A*** avoid farsightedness B*** be able to see underwater

  C*** move one eye at a time D*** focus its eyes on the prey

  4. A bee finds its direction by_______________________.

  A*** dividing what it sees into thousands of dots

  B*** constantly gauging its flying speed

  C*** using the sun as a constant point of reference

  D*** measuring the angle of the sun

  5. What is the main idea of the passage'?

  A*** The differences between human eyes and other species' eyes.

  B*** The advantages of other species' eyes in comparison with human eyes.

  C*** The factors that make other species' eyes better than human eyes.

  D*** The standard that determines me "perfect vision” of human eyes.

  答案詳解

  1.Snellen視力表是通過什麼來測量一個人的視力的?

  A***受試者能夠看清的行數。 B***受試者離視力表距離的遠近。

  C***受試者識別字母的速度。 D***幾個綜合的因素。

  [A]首段第2句中的lines of letters和第3句中的bottom line表明視力的好壞是依靠看到視力表的行數來決定的,選項A為本題答案。首段第2句表明測驗視力時距離是預先設定的,選項B不正確;選項C屬於無中生有,原文並未提及該內容;文中只提到視力的好壞取次於能看到多少行字母這一因索,並沒有提到其他因素,故D項錯誤。

  2.鷹眼比人眼好在什麼地方?

  A***鷹眼可以比人更快地識別小的物體。

  B***鷹眼可以從更遠的距離來看清物體。

  C***鷹眼視網膜的圓錐細胞比人眼多。

  D***鷹眼比人眼大。

  [B]首段笫5句中的while perched on top of the Empire State Building表明本句強調的是鷹能看到距離很遠的物件,由此可見,選項B為本題答案。從首段第5句中的dime一詞可以推斷鷹可以看到很小的物件,但原文並沒有暗示它辨認物件的速度,更沒有在這方面與人眼作比較,因此選項A不正確;首段第6句只是指出鷹眼的視網膜每平方毫米有100萬個圓錐細胞,但並沒有對比人眼和鷹眼所具有的圓錐細胞的總數,因此選項C不正確;原文並來提及與選項D有關的內容。

  3.單眼視力讓翠鳥能夠_________________。

  A***避免遠視 B***看到水底的東西

  C***一次轉動一個眼睛 D***讓眼睛聚焦在獵物上

  [C]首段第9句中的This表明前一句***即第8句***就是monocular vision的定義,很明顯,選項C為本題答案。首段第7句表明翠鳥在水裡能看得清楚,不會像人類那樣遠視,是因為它眼睛裡有兩個凹窩區域,並非因為它具有單眼視覺,因此選項A和B都不正確;根據該段第10句可知兩個凹窩區域同時發揮作用才能使翠鳥把目光聚焦到獵物身上,因此選項D不正確。

  4.蜜蜂是通過什麼來辨別方向的?

  A***將它看見的東西分成幾千個點。 B***不斷地測量自己的飛行速度。

  C***始終將太陽視作一個參照點。 D***測量太陽的角度。

  [C]第2段第3,4句描述了蜜蜂利用太陽導航的機制,將選項與這些細節對照可以知道選項C為正確的說法。選項A是蜜蜂的成像機制,雖然眼睛必然與導航有關,但單靠成像並不能起到導航的作用,因此選項A不是蜜蜂尋找方向的方法:選項B中的gauging its flying speed也跟蜜蜂尋找方向無關:第2段第4句表明蜜蜂測量的是飛行路線和太陽的夾角,而不是測量太陽的角度,因此選項D不正確。

  5.本文的主旨是什麼?

  A***人類的跟晴和其他物種的眼睛的不同之處。

  B***相較於人的眼睛,其他物種的眼睛的優勢。

  C***其他物種的眼睛優於人類的眼睛有哪一些要素。

  D***決定人類眼睛的“完美視力”的標準。

  [A]首段前3句通過描述人類測試視力的方法引出人類的視力不如其他物種這個話題,然後作者舉了4個例予說明這個觀點,而在第2段末句作者又指出人類視力在某一方面優於其他物種,由此可見,本文主要通過舉例說明人類和其他物種在視力上的不同,由此可見,選項A概括了全文內容。第2段末句指出了人類視力也有優於其他物種視力的地方,選項B和C都強調其他物種的視力好,概括都不夠全面;選項D只能概括文章首句的內容,其他的內容均未包括在內。

  參考譯文

  判斷人的視力是否完好的標準是看他是否在看Snellen視力表的時候能毫無障礙地達到20/20的視力。[1]測試值取決於從20英尺之外,你能看到多少行大小不一的字母。但是,即使我們能看到視力表的最底一行,和別的物種相比,那也不意味著擁有完美的視力。大多數的鳥類可能覺得我們在視力上都有缺陷。[2]例如,鷹的視力非常銳利,當它盤踞在帝國大廈的樓頂時,它能看清在人行道上的一角硬幣。它有如此好的視覺分辨能力,是因為它的視網膜上每平方毫米就有100萬個圓錐細胞。在水中,人類是遠視的;相比之下,俯衝到水裡捉魚的翠鳥在水上和水下都能看清景物,因為它的眼睛裡有兩個凹窩區域,這兩個凹窩主要由具有視覺分辨能力的圓錐細胞組成。[3]其中一個凹窩讓飛翔在空中的翠鳥不時用一隻眼瞳掃視水面的情況——這被稱為單眼視覺。翠鳥一旦扎入水中,另一個凹窩也發揮功能,使它的雙眼像雙筒望遠鏡一樣同時聚焦到獵物身上。青蛙的視力特點是它能感知像移動畫面那樣的物體。青蛙被稱為“昆蟲探測器”,在它的眼睛裡有一組高度發達的細胞,主要能夠對移動的物體產生反應。所以,據說,如果青蛙坐在一片蟲子的屍體旁,它看不到那些可以作為食物的蟲幹,最終會被餓死。

  蜜蜂的眼睛是複眼,用於導航。它的眼睛有15000個面,把它看到的物體分割為馬賽克式的小點。[4]有了這種視覺特點,蜜蜂看到的太陽只是一個小點,一個不變的參照點。所以,它的眼睛是一個極好的導航儀器,能不斷地量度飛行的線路與太陽的角度。蜜蜂的眼睛還能測量飛行的速度。如果這樣還不能讓我們人類20/20的完美視力顯得微不足道的話,蜜蜂還能看到紫外線,這是我們人類無法看到的。因此,當我們與別的特種相比時,人類認為“完美的視力”實際上很有侷限性的。然而,對於人類的眼睛還是有很多可以稱讚的:在所有哺乳動物當中,只有人類和某些靈長類動物能享受分辨顏色的喜悅。