英語寫作必備句式結構大全

  下面是小編整理的, 希望對大家有幫助。

  

  陳述句中有肯定句與否定句之分。其中可以分為以下五種:

  ① 主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語,如:I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.

  ② 主語+及物動詞+賓語,如:I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday.

  ③ 主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語,如:Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 這樣可加雙賓語的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach.

  ④ 主語+不及物動詞。如:I arrived at six last night.

  ⑤ 主語+系動詞+表語,如:Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring.

  在初中常見的句型中有There be…句型,表示存在某種事物,如:There is a map on the wall 其be動詞的形式要與其後面相近的那個名詞相一致。要注意的是這種句型加入助動詞後,也要保持be動詞,不要換用have,如:There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.

  在句子結構中要注意主謂一致的問題,即句子的主語與謂語動詞要相呼應。要注意的有如下幾點:

  ① 用and連線兩個主語時一般應視為複數,但如一人身兼兩職時則要用單數謂語動詞形式,如:A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演員。而 a singer and a dancer 則要譯為:一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。

  ② 有些以 s 結尾的名詞謂語動詞要用單數,如: The news is good ***news為不可數名詞***。

  ③ 有量詞時應按量詞的數量計算;如: This pair of glasses is good My glasses are broken.

  ④ 有些形單卻意為複數的名詞,如: People are coming here 這樣的詞還有 Police,如果要講一個警察時,應講 a policeman。兩個警察為 two policemen。又如 a policewoman, two policewomen

  ⑤ 所有不定代詞 each, either, neither, one, the other, nobody,nothing, anyone, anything, someone, something …要作為單數如: Someone is waiting for you 在並列句中表示聯合關係的連詞有:and not only … but also, neither … nor, either … or 如: My sister and my parents are going to the cinema。表示轉折關係的並列連詞有: but和 yet,如: She is a good student, but she didn't pass the final exam.又如: I think the news is strange, yet it is true 表示選擇關係的連詞有:or, either … or,如: Hurry up, or you will be late for school 表示因果關係的並列連詞有: for, so 如: They studied very hard, so they all passed the exam

  賓語從句

  ① 在及物動詞的後面可以接一個名詞來充當賓語,如: I knew the man, 而這時也可以用一個句子來充當賓語,如: I knew that he was a good man 這時賓語從句的連線詞有 that, ***that 只在從句中起聯接作用,不在句中充當語法成分,既不是主語也不是賓語,所以在口語中常常被省略。如: I am sure ***that*** she has passed the exam

  ② if, whether 它們在賓語從句中只起連線作用,不起語法作用,當作是否講。從句中有 or not 結構時,要用 whether, 如: I ask him if ***whether*** he has had his lunch I asks him whether he has had his lunch or not

  ③ what 它在賓語從句中除了作連線詞外,還要作主語或賓語成份,如: I don't understand what you said ***what 作 said 的賓語***。又如: I asked him what made him sick ***what 在賓語從句中作主語***。

  ④ who,它也和what一樣,在句中除作連線詞外,可以充當句中的成份,如:I know who she is looking for?

  ⑤ whose 如: I want to know whose book this is?

  ⑥ which 如: Do you know which book is mine?

  在連線詞中還有4個常用的連線副詞,

  ① how 它的應用最廣,如: how much, how many, how long, how soon, how old …。如: How much does it cost?

  ② when 它只是連線時間狀語,如: Please tell me when the meeting will begin?

  ③ where 它連線地點狀語,如: Where are you from?

  ④ why 它要連線的是原因狀語從句,如: The teacher asked why Tom didn't come to school.

  在考試中常見到的考點是:賓語從句的時態與主句時態的呼應問題。 ①主句謂語動詞如果是現在時或將來時,賓語從句的時態可以是任何所需要的時態,如: I know he didn't come. 我知道他沒來。 I know he will come tomorrow 我知道他明天來。I know he has gone to London 我知道他已去倫敦了。

  ②主句中的謂語動詞若是過去時,賓語從句也要用過去時態中的某一種。比如:一般過去時,過去進行時,過去將來時,過去完成時。除了在表達宇宙中的客觀真理時,不能用現在時態。如: I wanted to know when he would come The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun

  時間狀語從句

  其連線詞有:after, before, when, as, as soon as, until ***till***,while, since, by 其中較難掌握的有以下幾點

  ① until ***till*** 直到,在用 until 表達時間狀語的句子中,主句中的動詞是要十分小心去選擇。如動詞是持續性動詞,它要用肯定句,如: I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night. 如果動詞是瞬間截止性動詞,則要用否定句,如: He didn't go to bed until his mother came back

  ② 由 since, for, by, before 來引導的時間狀語從句。 since 引導的時間狀語是動作的開始時間,如: I have studied English since 1990. 而由 by引導的時間狀語通常是動作的結束時間,如: I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term 而before 則多用於完成時, ago 則多用於一般過去時,如: He had finished his work before twelve yesterday I left my hometown two years ago

  ③ 在狀語從句中用一般現在時或一般過去時表示將來。它們可能是主句用一般將來時,從句用一般現在時,如: If it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday 也可以主句是一般過去時,從句用一般過去進行時,如: He said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park

  ④ 考試中常見的考點有:要學生區別是條件、時間狀語從句還是賓語從句,因在賓語從句中該用什麼時態用什麼時態,如: I want to know if he will come here tomorrow 在賓語從句中的條件狀語從句與主句的關係,如: I want to know if it rains he will come here tomorrow

  原因狀語

  ① because,應譯為"因為"。它表達的因果關係最強,如: He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard

  ② since 應譯為"既然",如: Since you were ill yesterday I left some notes on your desk

  ③ as 應譯為"由於",如: As it is too hot we'd better go swimming since 與as 所表達的因果關係遠比 because 弱得多。而 for 表達的因果關係最弱。它不能用於句首,如: He studies hard, for he wants to go to college

  比較狀語從句

  同級比較 as … as,如: This book is as good as that one 要注意的有兩點:

  ① as … as 中間要用原級而不是比較級。

  ② 用形容詞還是副詞,如: Mary writes as carefully as Tom 而其否定句為not as ***so*** … as,如: They didn't work so hard as we did, 而不同級比較用比較級加 than, 如: He is younger than I am

  要注意的是表示"越來越"這一概念時有兩個句型:

  ① 比較級+and+比較級,如: The days are getting longer and longer The little girl is becoming more and more beautiful

  ② 定冠詞 the +比較級+ the +比較級,如: The harder you study, the more you can learn 方式狀語中要注意的是as ***連詞***與 like ***介詞***的區別。 as 作為連詞其後接從句,如: Please do it as I did it 但後面的句子常作省略,如: Please do it as I 而 like 是介詞,其後要接的是賓語,如: Please do it like me

  結果和目的狀語從句

  主要有 so … that, so that, in order that等幾種用法。

  ① so … that 用在單數可數名詞前,so +形容詞+ a +名詞+ that,如: She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her 或用 such + a +形容詞+名詞+ that, 如: She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her

  ③ 在不可數名詞或可數名詞複數前只能用 such,如: It is such good weather we want to go for a picnic 又如: They are such good players that they should win the game.

  ④ 在much, many, few, little 之前只能用so,如: I have so little money that I can't buy it

  ⑤ so … that 之間只有形容詞時,則不能用 such,如: It is so good that I want to buy

  ⑥ so tha

  以上是一些比較基礎的英語句式,它有助你寫英語作文,希望你的英語成績能有所提高。