英語四級閱讀練習題及答案

　　下面是小編整理的，希望對大家有幫助。

　　As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. But relaxation is __1__ for a healthy mind and body.

　　Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to __2__ it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of __3__ that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

　　The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some peoplw are not afraid of stress, and such __4__ are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of __5__ difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both physically and __6__. In fact we make choice between "flight or fight" and in more __7__ days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same __8__. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued __9__ to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since we cannot __10__ stress from our lives it would be unwise to do so even if we could, we need to find ways to deal with it.

　　A***exposure B***characters C***answer D***chemically

　　E***avoid F***psychologically G***primitive H***transfer

　　I***unusual J***control K***remove L***escape

　　M***response N***backward O***essential



 

　　ANSWER:

　　1.選O***。此處應填形容詞。前文中說人們正在失去放鬆的休閒方式，But轉折表明作者對relaxation的重視態度，只有essential“必須的，重要的”符合文意。

　　2.選E***。此處應填動詞。前句說Stress is a natural part of everyday life“壓力是日常生活中很自然的一部分”，說明人們不能避免壓力。選項中只有avoid的意思為“避免，消除”，故E***avoid正確。

　　3.選J***。此處應填名詞。前面說有壓力並不是壞事，適當的壓力能給人以動力，能賦予人生活的意義。只有在什麼時候，壓力才會導致人們表現不佳，身體不好。根據上下文可知get out of control“壓力失控”的時候，才會有不好的結果，故選J***control。

　　4.選B***。此處應填名詞。前句中not afraid of stress“不怕壓力”是一些人的性格特點，選項中可以表示人的性格特點的詞只有characters，故選B***。

　　5.選I***。此處應填形容詞，修飾名詞difficulties。一些人遇到......的困難就灰心喪氣，選項中的形容詞中，unusual“不同尋常的”可以說明困難的程度，故選擇I***。

　　6.選F***。此處應填副詞，與physically相對應，在此physically作為“身體上的”解釋。選項中的副詞有chemically“化學地”和psychologically“精神地”，很明顯兩個副詞中選擇F***psychologically。

　　7.選G***。此處應填形容詞，修飾名詞days。...days與後文中的today相對應，形成對比。選項中的是primitive，即將人類的早期和人類的今天做比較 ，故選G***。而N***backward說明的是社會發展的狀態，不符合原文意思。

　　8.選M***。此處填名詞。前句說，在人類的早期，選擇不同就意味著生與死的差別;而現在人們碰到的危機不可能那樣極端。後面but轉折，說明了不管是壓力的大小，人們都是在“避免”和“戰鬥”之間選擇，下句中的such a reaction也可以說明人們對壓力的反應是一樣的，選項中的名詞answer和response中，M***response=reaction符合文意。

　　9.選A***。根據上題，這種反應長時間持續的原因就是長時間的面對壓力，選項中的exposure“暴露的狀態，受影響”符合上下文意思，故選擇A***exposure。

　　10.選K***。此處要填動詞原形，和from構成動介搭配。人們應想辦法應對壓力，而不是將它......出人們的生活。選項中的transfer表示“轉移”不符合原文意思;remove“移動，移除”可以和from連用，表示“除掉，移開”，符合原文意思，故選K***。



 

　　The typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerous other dependents as well---grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousions. Such "extended" families were suited for survival in slow paced __1__ societies. But such families are hard to __2__. They are immobile.Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family __3__ shed its excess weight and the so-called "nuclear" family emerged---a stripped-down, portable family unit __4__ only of parents and a small set of children. This new style family, far more __5__ than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties. Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-technological development, __6__ even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlinling process, a stePfurther by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more __7__ components, aman and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than teh ordinarily child-cluttered family.A __8__ may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in __9__ between a commitment to career and a commitment to children. In the future, many __10__ will sidestePthis problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement.

　　A***transplant B***solution C***gadually D***transportE***elemental F***conflict G***continually H***mobileI***couples J***agricultural ***including L***compromiseM***requires N***primary O***consisting



 

　　ANSWER:

　　1. 選J***。此處應填形容詞，修飾名次societies。文章第一句就說The typical pre-industrial family...“工業化之前的典型家庭模式......”， 即“extended" family存在於工業化之前的社會，即agricultural society。故J***正確。選項中的primary”最初的，原始的“不符合原文意思。

　　2. 選A***。由be hard to do sth.可知，此處應填動詞原形。They are immobile“這樣的家庭很難流動”，這說明這樣的家庭are hard to...，選項中由transplant和transport兩個動詞原形，前者指的是“遷居，遷移”，後者指的是運輸，不難推斷前者符合原文意思，故A***transplant正確。3. 選C***。因為這句話的句子結構完整，固此處應填副詞。選項中的副詞有gradually和continually,原文中...and the so-called "nuclear" family emerged.所謂的“核心家庭”便出現了“，emerge的意思是“浮現" ，強調經過一個過程後出現的。由此可以判斷，這句話壞死說明核心家庭從無到有逐漸出現，而不是連續不斷地出現，故選擇C***gradually>

　　4. 選O***。該句可拆分理解，即a family unit... of parents and a smell set of children "一個家庭單元......父母和不多的孩子“，由此可以推出這裡要填的詞是表示”包含，由......組成“的。選項中的including和consisting均可以表示此意，但由原文中的of可排除including,consist of為固定刺諸，故O***為正確答案。

　　5. 選H***。從原文中的more...than可知，此處應填形容詞，構成形容詞的比較級結構。由第一段最後一句可知the traditional extended family是immobile,那麼新型的家庭模式比舊的因該是更有流動性，故應選H***mobile，說明新型的家庭模式的優點。

　　6. 選M***。此處應填動詞，作這句話的謂語。Super-industrialism“***更發達的***超級工業化”......更具流動性的家庭。可推知空格處應填表示“需要，需求”的詞。requires表示出自一種迫切的需要而提出的要求，很明顯選擇M***requires。

　　7. 選E***。此處應填形容詞，用來修飾名詞components。文中說明家庭被減縮到最......的成員，即由男人和女人組成，男人和女人是一個家庭最基本的成員。選項中的E***elemental“基本的，本質的”，而N***primary“主要的，最早的”，原文強調的是男人和女人是一個家庭最basic的組成部分，故E***更符合原文意思。

　　8.選l***。此處應填名詞。上段說兩人家庭的優點，本句中提到rather than childlessness“而不是不要孩子”，說明晚要孩子是解決工作和孩子的折中的辦法，故選項中的L***compromise“妥協，折中”符合文意。而solution雖然也表示解決辦法，但不能表達夫婦們無可奈何的心情，故排除。

　　9.選F***。上題中已提到工作和要孩子之間存在矛盾即conflict，根據上下文意思，這個題相對容易。

　　10.選I***。這段一直在說一個家庭裡男人和女人因為工作和要孩子的事情發生爭吵，那麼將來要解決這個問題的仍然是家庭中的夫妻兩人，故這裡應填I***couples。