英語什麼是連詞

  連詞是用來連線詞與詞、片語與片語或句子與句子、表示某種邏輯關係的虛詞。連詞可以表並列、承接、轉折、因果、選擇、假設、比較、讓步等關係。

  連詞***conj conjunction***是一種虛詞, 它不能獨立擔任句子成分而只起連線詞與詞,短語與短語以及句與句的作用。連詞主要可分為4類:並列連詞.轉折連詞.選擇連詞和因果連詞。連詞也可以分為2類:並列連詞和從屬連詞

  並列連詞用來連線平行的詞、片語和分句、句子。如:

  and***和,與;而且;於是,然後;因此***

  but***但是;通常用not...but...不是...而是...;可是,然而;表示驚訝,不同意等--喔,哇;用來加強語句重複部分的語氣--一定;用來引入新話題--那就;常用於否定句--而不,若不;用於含doubt,question等字的否定句中相當於that--對於***,

  or***或者,還是;用於否定句或問句--也不;否則,要不然;也就是說,換言之***,

  nor***用在neither之後--也不;用在no,not,never之後--也不;用在句首,句子需倒裝--也不***,

  so***因此,所以;因而,從而***,

  therefore***因此,因而,所以***,

  yet***可是,卻,然而***,

  however***然而,可是,不過;無論如何,不管怎樣;不管用什麼方法;究竟怎樣,到底如何***,

  for***因為,由於***,

  hence***因此,由此***,

  as well as***不但,而且;和...一樣,和,也***,

  both…and***既...又...;不但...而且***,

  not only…but also***不但,而且***,

  either…or***不是...就是;要麼...要麼***,

  neither…nor***既不...也不...***,

  ***and***then***那麼***等等。

  並列連詞與並列結構

  並列連詞引導兩個並列的句子。

  1***and 與or

  判斷改錯:

  ***錯*** They sat down and talk about something.

  ***錯*** They started to dance and sang.

  ***錯*** I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.

  ***對*** They sat down and talked about something.

  ***對*** They started to dance and sing.

  ***對***I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.

  解析:

  第一句:and 連線兩個並列的謂語,所以 talk 應改為 talked。

  第二句:and 連線兩個並列的動詞不定式,第二個不定式往往省略to,因此sang 應改為 sing。

  第三句:and 連線感觀動詞saw 後面的用作的賓補的兩個並列分詞結構,因此whisper應改為whispering。

  注意:and 還可以和祈使句或名詞片語連用表示條件。***or也有此用法***

  Make up your mind,and you'll get the chance.

  = If you make up your mind,you'll get the chance.

  One more effort,and you'll succeed.

  = If you make one more effort,you'll succeed.

  2***both …and兩者都

  She plays ***both*** the piano and the guitar.

  3***not only…but ...as well as=not only...but also不但…而且

  She plays not only the piano,but ***also*** the guitar.

  注意:not only… but also 關聯兩個分句時,一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝

  Not only does he like reading stories,but also he can even write some.

  4***neither…nor意思為"既不……也不……"謂語動詞采用就近原則,與nor後的詞保持一致。

  Neither you nor he is to blame.

  表示選擇的並列結構

  1***or意思為"否則"。

  I must work hard,or I'll fail in the exam.

  我必須努力學習,否則我的考試成績將要下降.

  2***either…or意思為"或者……或者……"。注意謂語動詞采用就近原則。

  Either you or I am right.

  或者是你對,或者是我對.

  表示轉折或對比

  1*** but表示轉折,while表示對比。

  Some people love cats,while others hate them.

  典型例題

  Would you like to come to dinner tonight

  I'd like to,___ I'm too busy.

  A. and B. so C. as D. but

  答案D。but與前面形成轉折,符合語意。而表並列的and, 結果的so,原因的as都不符合句意。

  2***not…but…意思為"不是……而是……"

  not 和but 後面的用詞要遵循一致原則。

  They were not the bones of an animal,but ***the bones*** of a human being.

  表示讓步

  however表讓步,譯為"無論如何"

  However we adopt healthcare reform, it isn't going to save major amounts of money.

  不管我們採取何種醫療改革措施,都省不下太多錢。

  誤區提示:however可以表示轉折,譯為"然而;不過;仍然"但是這時為副詞詞性,而並非連詞。

  例句:

  This was not an easy decision. It is, however, a decision that we feel is dictated by our duty...

  這很難抉擇。不過,我們覺得自己有義務作出決定。

  表原因關係

  1***for

  判斷改錯:

  ***錯*** For he is ill,he is absent today.

  ***對*** He is absent today,for he is ill.

  for是並列連詞,不能置於含兩個並列分句的句子的句首,只能將其放在兩個分句中間。

  2***so,therefore

  He hurt his leg,so he couldn't play in the game.

  3***because

  I cannot sleep because I am too excited.

  注意:

  這兩個詞的意思很相近,通常是可以互換使用的。為了安全起見,最好用because引導從句,因為同 because引導的從句相比,for引導的從句的用法要受到某些限制:

  ①for引導的從句不能位於它所解釋的動詞之前:

  Because it was wet be took a taxi.

  因為下雨,他叫了一輛計程車。***這裡不能用for***

  ②for引導的從句不能位於not,but或任何連詞之後

  ③for引導的從句不能用於回答問題:

  —Why did you do it? 你為什麼這麼做?

  —I did it because I was angry. 因為我生氣才這麼做的。***這裡不能用for***

  ④for引導的從句不能單單用來複述已講過的話,而必須包括新的內容:

  He spoke in French. 他講法語。

  She was angry because he had spoken in French. 因為他講法語,她生氣了。